Selasa, 26 Maret 2019

TOEFL Listening Tips for Studying

09.06 0 Comments


Now that you are up-to-date on what to expect on the TOEFL Listening test, read these four tips and follow them throughout your studying in order to be prepared on test day.

1. Listen to Spoken English Regularly
The number one TOEFL Listening tip is, unsurprisingly, to listen to English regularly. The more you hear English, the better your listening skills will become and the easier you’ll find the Listening section. You want to listen to spoken English, so music sung in English won’t be as useful since English sounds different when it’s sung compared to when it’s spoken

Talk radio, news stations, movies, tv shows, and podcasts are all great options (as long as they’re in English, obviously). Try to listen to some English with background noise, such as an interview conducted outside or in front of a large crowd. TOEFL Listening recordings purposely include background noises, so you’ll want to be used to that

2. Listen to Different English Accents
It will also help you down the line if you practice listening to different accents while you’re studying. The TOEFL Listening test will include at least one native-speaker English accent outside of North American accents. This is done to help prepare you for the variety of English accents you’ll likely come across in the real world. These accents will come from the U.K., Australia, or New Zealand.
Even native English speakers can struggle to understand different English accents, so be sure to get some exposure to different accents before exam day. Try listening to news clips or radio stations from these countries if you’re wondering how you can hear more accents.

3. Take Complete Practice TOEFL Listening Tests
Part of what makes TOEFL Listening tricky is that you spend the section going back and forth between listening to recordings and answering questions on them. After three or four recordings, you may get tired and your attention may start to lag. This can really hurt your score if you miss important information in the audio recording, so you want to take steps to avoid this, and one of the best ways to do that is to take complete practice Listening sections.
A full Listening section is four lectures and two conversations. Set aside time to take this section all at once, with no breaks and no distractions, just like on the real TOEFL. Doing this will help you become familiar with the length and pacing of the Listening section before test day.

4Get in the Habit of Taking Notes
Even if you have great English skills and usually remember the things you hear in English, you should still takes notes during the Listening section. Each of the recordings is several minutes long and contains a lot of information. If you don’t take notes, it can be easy to forget some of points made and therefore miss questions on the test. Read the next section for tips on how to take great notes.
TOEFL-Listening-Tips

5. How to Take Great TOEFL Listening Notes
The notes you take on TOEFL Listening will often be key to how high a score you get on this section. It’s important that they are clear and contain the information you’ll be tested on. Below are the three tips you should follow to take great Listening notes. 

1)      Stay Focused While the Recordings Are Playing

The TOEFL is a long exam, and it can be easy for your mind to wander during parts of it. However, one of the worst times for this to happen is during the Listening section when the audio recordings are playing. You only get to hear each recording once, so if you miss a key point, you likely won’t have all the information you need to get a top score on this section. Your notes will only be great if you do a great job listening to the recordings, so make it a priority to pay attention while they’re playing.
The longest each recording will be is five minutes, so work to keep your focus for that long (doing practice problems, as discussed above, will help you with this). 
The part of the Listening section where you’re answering questions is typically less rushed than other sections (you’ll have about 35 seconds to answer each question), so, if you need to take a mental break for a few seconds, do it then so you can be ready to focus on the next recording when it starts playing.

2)      Write While Listening

Some TOEFL test-takers try to listen intently while the audio recording is playing and only begin writing notes once it’s finished. This is a bad idea for two reasons. First, the audio recordings are each several minutes long, so you’ll likely forget some key points when you’re trying to write all your notes at once. Second, not writing your notes until after the recording has ended means you’ll be writing them during your time to answer questions, which can make you more rushed during the answer portion of the section.
Instead, write notes throughout the recording. Keep them short (see below), and try to work out a pattern where you listen for a brief period of time, write down some short notes, then go back to listening. Practicing will help you get better at this.

3)      Focus on Main Ideas

Don’t try to write down everything you hear. You won’t be able to, and you’ll likely miss some important points because you’re trying to copy every word. Instead, focus on the main ideas in the recording.
If you’re listening to a lecture, think about (and take notes on) what the professor is trying to accomplish. Is he/she trying to explain a new topic? Make something clearer? Explain two different opinions? If another person, such as a student speaks, what are they trying to learn or show? You may want to make a column in your notes for each speaker and write the main points of what they say under the appropriate column to make it easier to remember who said what.
It can be easy to get bogged down in all the details of a recording and miss out on what’s really being discussed. The majority of TOEFL Listening questions will focus on major points as opposed to minor details, so focus your notes on the former.

The listening problem is divided into several parts:
PART A : 30 short dialogues. Each dialog is followed by a question.
PART B : 2 long dialogues Each dialogue is followed by 4-5 questions.
PART C : 3 monologue. Each monologue is followed by 4-5 questions.

There are several Strategies to answer questions about listening comprehension:

  1. Familiar with question instructions.
  2. Listen carefully to the recording and focus on the answer choices available in the test booklet. 
  3. If you do not know / doubt the answer to a question, the answer option option should not be left blank. There is no reduction in the score if the answer is wrong.
  4. All answers can be marked first. Because we will have the opportunity to shine when part B instructions are read. Try to mark it half full immediately, so the chance to shade next is just to tidy up the black sphere (usually the old one at the edge of the circle).

Listening PART A: Short dialogue


  1. In the instructions in Part A, we are required to wait and not read  ahead , clearly there is the word "WAIT" on the first page.
  2. Instantly see the answer choices before the dialog starts (the difference between questions 8 seconds)
  3. Listening PART A is a conversation between two people (the first person asks and the second person answers). The narrator will make a question based on the conversation between the first and second person. And all Narrator questions are only directed at the second person's answer. That means you have to focus more on the answers of the second person.
  4. You must be able to catch one of the key words in the second person's answer — in the predicate sentence.
  5. The keywords that are meant here are verbs ( verb ) and adjectives .
  6. Why are adjectives or verbs used as keywords? Because what you are looking for is OTHER WORDS / SINONIM (words that have the same meaning) with keywords in people's answers to -2. 
  7. If you only understand a few words or ideas in the second person's sentence, choose an answer that contains synonyms / other words from the word / idea.
  8. If you do not understand the sentence that the second person says, choose the answer that sounds the most different from the words you hear.
  9. DO NOT CHOOSE the answer just because the answer sounds similar (in pronunciation / pronunciation) with the words in the dialog.
Example :

Merry : Hi Bob, do you bring my English book? I need to finish my homework tonight. 
Bob : Oh, sorry. I forget to bring it. 
Narrator: What does the man (Bob) mean? 
A. The man forgets to bring the book. 
B. The man does not know about the book. 
C. The man brings Merry’s book. 
D. The man does not remember to bring the book. 
The correct answer is D (The man does not remember to bring the book). The keyword in the answer to the second person is forget. Then you have to look for other answers that mean the same as the word forget that does not remember.

Listening PART B: LONG DIALOGUE

  1. Listening PART B in the form of two long dialogues between two people. The narrator will make 4-5 questions based on the conversation between the two people.
  2. Before the dialogue starts, as soon as possible scheme all the answer options on the four / five numbers that are available. Conclude 1 -2 keywords that will roughly be the topic of dialogue that will be played and predictions of questions to be asked based on the existing answer options.
  3. For Dialogue 1, focus on 4 numbers while ignoring instructions.
  4. Before the dialogue starts, the narrator will mention the question number for the dialogue that will be played. The narrator also mentions two speakers in the dialogue 9. Listen carefully so you know who the speaker is in the dialogue.
  5. Listen to the first line of the dialog. Usually the first line contains the main idea, subject, or topic of dialogue.
  6. When listening to a dialogue, conclude the dialogue situation (who speaks, the location of the dialogue, or when the dialogue takes place)
  7. When listening to the dialogue, see the answer option from the four / five questions in the test booklet. The narrator's questions are generally sequences from the first to the fourth / five questions, and the answers to the questions usually sound the same as what the speaker says in the dialogue.
  8. The choice of answers should not be left blank. Guess the answer even though it's not sure.
  9. After finishing answering the last question from the first dialog, immediately scheme all the answer options for the next 4 or 5 numbers from the second dialog.
Example :

When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and decide which one would be the best answer sheet, find the number of the problem and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Woman : I hear that Paul Schmidt has written a new novel.
Man : Yes, it’s a science fiction piece called martian Renaissance.
Woman : Sounds intriguing. What’s the plot like ?
Man : It deals with a five-man, one-woman crew on a three-year mission to Mars.
Woman : Is their mission successful?
Man :Erll, in some respect it is.They have a series of incredible adventures once they land.
Woman : Do they meet any real Martians ?
Man : You’ll have to read the book to find out.

1. What is the name of Paul Schmidt’s new book?
(A) The incredible Adventures of the Martians.
(B) Mission to Mars.
(C) Martian Renaissance.
(D) Captivating tales of Mars.

The correct answer is (C), because it was explained by the man in the following conversation, "Yes, it's a science fiction piece called Martian Renaissance". The choice of answer (d) is clearly wrong, while the choice of answers (a) and (b) has the same meaning but the choice is not found in the conversation.

2. What type of bookisit?
(A) Science fiction
(B) Adventure
(C) Biography
(D) Documentary

The correct answer is (A), because it was explained by the man in the following conversation, "Yes, it's a science fiction piece called Martian Renaissance". The choice of answer (c) is clearly wrong, while the choice of answers (b) and (c) has the same meaning but the choice is not found in the conversation.

Listening PART C: MONOLOG

  1. Listening PART C in the form of three monologues. The narrator will make 4-5 questions based on the monologue.
  2.  Like PART B, before the monologue starts, as soon as possible scheme all answer options on the four / five numbers that exist. Conclude 1-2 keywords that will roughly be the topic of dialogue that will be played and predictions of questions to be asked based on the available answer options.
  3. Before the monologue starts, the narrator will mention the question number for the monologue to be played. The narrator also mentions what the monologue is.
  4. Listen to the first line of the dialog. Usually the first line contains the main idea, subject, or topic of the monologue.
  5. When listening to a monologue, conclude the situation (who speaks, the location of the dialogue, or when the dialogue takes place)
  6. When listening to a monologue, see the answer option from the four / five questions in the test booklet. The narrator's questions are generally sequences from the first to the fourth / five questions, and the answers to the questions usually sound the same as what the narrator says in a monologue.
  7. After finishing answering the last question from the first monologue, immediately scheme all the answer options for the next 4 or 5 numbers from the second monologue.
Example :

(narrator) Listen to an instructor talk to his class about painting. 
(man) Artist Grant Wood was a guiding force in the school of painting known as American regionalist, a style reflecting the distinctive characteristics of art from rural areas of the United States. Wood began drawing animals on the family farm at the age of three, and when he was thirty-eight one of his paintings received a remarkable amount of public notice and acclaim. This painting, called "American Gothic," is a starkly simple depiction of a serious couple staring directly out at the viewer.
Now listen to a sample question.

1. (narrator) What style of painting is known as American regionalist?
In your test book, you read: 
(A) Art from America's inner cities         
(B) Art from the central region of the United States 
(C) Art from various urban areas in the United States 
(D) Art from rural sections of America

The best answer to the question, "What style of painting is known as American regionalist?" is (D), "Art from rural sections of America." Therefore, the correct choice is (D).

2. (narrator) What is the name of Wood's most successful painting? 
In your test book, you read: 
(A) "American Regionalist" 
(B) "The Family Farm in Iowa" 
(C) "American Gothic" 
(D) "A Serious Couple"

The best answer to the question, "What is the name of Wood's most successful painting?" is (C), "American Gothic." Therefore, the correct choice is (C). 

Source :

Selasa, 19 Februari 2019

Introduce Myself

23.04 0 Comments

Assalamualaikum wr wb
Here I’m going to introduce myself. My name is Destya Ramadhani and you can call me Destya. I was born in Klaten on 31th December 1997 and this year I am 22 years old. As for my family, I only have one little brother. My father and my mother is an employee at hotel in Jakarta. I’m studying as 3rd year student in Economic Faculty majoring in Accounting at Gunadarma University Depok.  And I really wanted to finish my studies as soon as possible.
I’m interested in so many things such as traveling, Listening to music, reading book especially novel, and watching movies. My other hobby is cycling because it makes my body fit and healthy. By cycling, I can notice the environment around me. Also, I can see some beautiful sceneries and feel the fresh air. I usually go cycling with my family or friends every sunday.
I have a quiet nature and compassionate. I have the usual behavior makes others feel comfortable that has a very quiet nature. I have lived in the principle of friendship "Love is that condition which the happiness of another person is important to your own." 

I am so obsessed with someone who has a high knowledge and humble, I hope to have a heart like that. My  motto for my life is "Every successful person must have a failure. Do not be afraid to fail Because failure is a part of success. "

I think thats all I can describe about myself . Thankyou for your attention..


Kamis, 17 Januari 2019

Bussiness Later

16.58 0 Comments

PT JAYA SELALU
Jln. Tanjung Barat No. 12 Tasikmalaya 46123
Phone (0265) 354612
=========================================================

Tasikmalaya, March 10th, 2011
To :
Designation. General Manager Affair
PT MAJU TERUS
Jl. Malioboro 23
Tasikmalaya

Dear Sir,
Through this letter, let us introduce our company to you. Our company named PT Jaya Selalu is engaged in the distributor of office stationery.
According to the information we collect, PT MAJU TERUS is a property company that is growing rapidly and will open again some marketing office in Tasikmalaya. In this connection, let us offer some of stationery products that we market. Together with this letter we attach a list of items and their respective prices.
If your company needs our services, then simply contact us via telephone numbers (0265) 35412 and we’ll deliver the goods directly to the site. Further, we will send you an invoice each end of the month for transactions occurring in the corresponding month. We will give special discount if accumulated purchase within one month of more than Rp. 2.000.000, – (two million rupiah).
We hope that this offer can proceed in a form of cooperation that benefits both parties. If Mr. interested, we are ready to make presentations and conduct further discussed.
Thus we submit the offer letter, delivered thank you for your attention.
Sincerely,

PT JAYA SELALU





Sumber: http://24pelajaran.blogspot.com/2012/03/surat-penawaran.html

Making a Responding to Suggestion and Controlling the Discussion in a Meeting

16.42 0 Comments

Secretary :  Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to our weekly meeting. Here with us, Mr. Heidy, our chairman, has already come. Now, let us listen to Mr. Heidy remarks to open our meeting today. To Mr. Heidy, time is yours.
Chairman :  Thank you, Cassandra. First of all, let us welcome our business partner, Mr. Son  from International Book Company. Our weekly meeting becomes extra ordinary because Mr. Son joins us. Well, today we are going to discuss about the strategies to promote several books that have already been published by our company. In addition, we will also sign the memorandum of understanding with Mr. Son’s company.
Mr. Son   : Thank you, Style Publisher, for a warm welcome. I hope that we can be great partners to each other.
Secretary   : Well, the next agenda in our meeting today is a presentation from Mr. Brandy about strategies in book promotion. To Mr. Brandy, time is yours.
Mr. Brandy : Thank you for the opportunity. Now, I would like to present several strategies of promotion that we can implement to boost our book selling. First, we can make brochure which contains our promotion, the list of book with price and discount, and information about getting prizes if they buy more than 400 hundred thousand rupiah. We give the brochures to people around school, office, and mall. The second strategy is we can make a book bazaar every month in front of our office, we also invite one of the best-seller book’s writers to be a keynote speaker and in that event we can inform them many promotions in our office. Not only for people who wants to by the book, but also the promotion is for people who are interested to publish their books by our publisher. I think that’s enough about my presentation. Criticism and suggestion are welcomed.
Chairman :  I think that those ideas of promotion are good. We can combine them. In the other words, we will do both of them. How about the others? Anyone has different opinion?
Mr. Kai      :  I agree with it.
Ms. Lizi    :    I’m afraid I can’t agree with you. I think giving brochures is not an effective way. How about making banner or advertisement board near traffic light? I think it can save more fund and energy for our publisher.
Chairman :   Ms. Lizi, that’s a great idea.
Mr. Son    :   I think so. That will be more efficient and effective.
Chairman : Well, we are already in one voice, so that it is clear for the strategies of the promotion.
Secretary :  The last agenda is signing the letter of memorandum of understanding between Style publisher with International Book Company. To the chairmain and Mr. Son, time is yours.
Chairman  :  By signing this MoU, Style publisher agrees to have corporation.
Mr. Son      : Thank you very much, Style publisher. I hope we will work greatly together.
Chairman   : You are welcome. Now, I give the time back to Ms. Secretary.
Secretary   : Ladies and gentlemen, it is the end of our weekly meeting today. Thank you for          your participation and see you in the next weekly meeting.

Sumber: 

Senin, 29 Oktober 2018

Contoh Business Project

06.40 0 Comments



CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION



1.1  The Background

In globalization era, home industry is increasing, especially local products. Everyone knows and likes Tofu, one kind of cheap and delicious food which is sold everywhere. Tofu has been popular food of Indonesian society. The popularity of Tofu is unlimited because not only its taste is good but also it is easy to make and can be processed into various meals as well as the price is cheap. Additionally, Tofu is one of food that has high protein and the quality is equivalent to animal protein. Tofu is usually consumed by many people, both children and adults.

            As we know that every city has famous local food, and so does Sumedang. Sumedang has the most famous food, namely Tahu Sumedang. Tahu Sumedang is different from the other tofu.

            Tahu Sumedang is one of traditional food in Sumedang. Tahu Sumedang is rich in protein because the basic material is from soybeans containing high protein. Consuming protein is certainly very good for the growth of the body, especially for children.

            The inovation that I have of Tahu Sumedang is Tahu Kremes. Tahu Kremes has special characteristics such as crispy and delicious and can be used as souvenir from Sumedang. Everyone likes Tahu Sumedang very much beacause its high nutritious and without preservative.


1.2  The Purpose

In running a bussiness, an entrepeneur has the purpose why she/he establishes the bussiness. The followings are the purposes of our business:

1.         To increase local product
Time after time, many local products are often overlooked. Therefore, we intend to increase the exitance of local product in Sumedang, namely Tahu Sumedang.

2.         To share bussiness experience
This bussiness has good prospects to be developed by many people. And then, if we share this bussiness experience to others, Tahu Sumedang will be widely known by many people.

3.         To improve market opportunities and prospect

4.         To get high profit
Besides our product can be known by many people, getting high profit is one of our goals in increasing the progress of the bussines.


1.3. Business Vision And Mission

A.    Business Vision
“Be a competitive product in quality and quantity in the global market, do not pollute the environment, and create a traditional concept.”

B.     Business Mission
·         To open market opportunity.
Even though many competitors are range in the same business, but we work around with the different innovation of the products that already exist. That with better taste of the innovation, affordable price, and highly nutritious. We believe that Tahu Sumedang is able to compete in the market.
·         To provide the best service to consumers.
Service is one of important aspects in increasing the quality of the business. We must be better doing the excellent service to consumers.
·         To make Tahu Sumedang as the favorite food.
We will always increase the quality of our product that Tahu Sumedang can be favorite food for many people.
·         To maintain the quality of the product and environment.
Not polluting the environment is one of our reference to make Tahu Sumedang be more quality.
·         To maintain the purity of product.
With maintaining the purity of our product, to become Tahu Sumedang has good taste.




CHAPTER II
FEASIBILITY STUDY



2.1 Specification of Product

Tahu can be sold in Original Tahu Sumedang and Tahu Sumedang Kremes. Here is the price of our product:

  •          Original Tahu Sumedang / Cup (4 pcs) Rp. 2.500,00
  •          Tahu Kremes / Cup (4 pcs) is Rp. 3.500,00
  •          Lontong is Rp. 500,00
  •        Sambal is Rp. 1.500,00

            The price can be changeable according to market conditition. Tahu is usually packed by using Bongsang and Cangkedong.


2.2 SWOT Analysis

          Before we do the business activities, we must pay attention to the problems and threats which can disturb our business activities in the future and we have to find the opportunity that is profitable to run our business. Therefore, we must make business plan by using SWOT analysis. They are:

·           Strength
·           Weakness
·           Opportunity
·           Threat

          By SWOT analysis, we can find the strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat of the business that can increase our product.

          Here is the SWOT Analysis of Tahu Sumedang:

A.    STRENGTH

1.        Tahu Sumedang is the famous local product.
Tahu Sumedang has known by many people. It can be one of our strength that can be able to increasing our business.
2.        High nutritious and rich of protein.
Being made from high quality soybeans makes Tahu Sumedang highly nutritious and rich of protein. It can be consumed by all people, such as children, tennagers, and adults.
3.        Crispy and delicious
Because Tahu Sumedang has different from appearance. It is crispy outside and soft inside.
4.        Favorite food.
Because the taste of Tahu Sumedang is different from another tofu, it makes our product excellent as a favorite food.
5.        Affordable price.
Just with Rp. 5.000,00 you can enjoy our product that has high taste.
6.        No preservative.
To maintain the purity of our product, in the production of Tahu Sumedang we do not used preservative. Because, preservative is not good for our health.
7.        Having a lot of marketing relation.

B.       WEAKNESS

1.         Not lasting food.
Because it is without preservative and has high water content, it makes our product not durable.

2.        Easily cracked.
The soft texture of tofu makes our product easily cracked if it is not maintained properly.

C.      OPPORTUNITY

1.         Easily to get.
Because our product is sold everywhere, even at side streets along West Java road, it makes it easy for consumers to buy Tahu Sumedang with affordable price.

2.         Not only as a main meal, but also a snack and a sourvernir.
Many people enjoy Tahu Sumedang as a snack. Moreover, you can make our product as a souvernir from Sumedang.

3.         A lot of shops along the street.
There are a lot of shops along the street that can increase the target of our business.

4.         The culture of consumerist society.

D.      THREAT

1.         A lot of competitors from other snack products.
Because of many competitors who sell the similiar product, it makes a threat for our business.

2.         Expensive soybeans as the main material.


2.3    Marketing Mix (4P Concept)

In marketing, there are four basic elements of marketing activities. They are called 4P; product, price, place, and promotion. To provide customer’s satisfaction, the 4P Concept is necessary to be set up well by concerning what customers need and want.

A.      Product
The product is TAHU KREMES. It is from selected and high quality materials. Has a delicous taste, and good for our health.

B.     Price
The price of our product is very competitive and cheap, and it can be bought by everyone. Original Tahu Sumedang / Cup is Rp. 5.000,00 contains 4 pcs Original Tahu Sumedang, 2 pcs Lontong, and 1 pcs Sambal. Tahu Kremes / Cup is Rp. 6.000,00contains 4 pcs Tahu Kremes, 2 pcs Lontong, and 1 pcs Sambal.

C.      Place
Our product can be found on bazaar in SMKN 2 Sumedang.

D.      Promotion
The promotion is carried out by spreading brochures and personal selling.




CHAPTER IV
CLOSING


4.1      Conclusion
           Tahu Sumedang is one of  traditional food in Sumedang. Our product is different from the other tofu because Tahu Sumedang has different appearance, it is crispy outside and soft inside. It can be consumed by all people because it is made from soybeans containing high protein.
Based on the explanation, we can conclude that:
1.         The purpose of our business is to promote local product and to increase society’s income.
2.         This business has good prospect to be developed.
3.         The profit percentage of my business is 37,6 %.






Source :


Contoh Surat Resmi dalam bahasa Inggris

06.36 0 Comments



PT MATAHARI TERBIT DARI BARAT
Jln. Pramuka No. 55  Jawa Barat
Telephone. 4321009
=========================================================
Number   : 0234/Oktober/2017                                                                                       
Subject    : Request Meeting
Appendix : –

To:
Mrs. Nita Rahman
Marketing Manager
PT. MELINGKAR BAKTI

With respect,
Ceremony to celebrate the birthday of our company, through this letter we invite all managers PT Melingkar Bakti to attend the preparatory meeting to be held on:
Day/Date : Monday / 14 November 2017
Hours      : 9:00 to 12:00
Place       : Multipurpose Building
Since you are an organizer in this event, we hope that you will be able to come. Thank you for your attention.

Sincerely,
Destya Ramadhani
Chairman of the committee